study_20241026/beginning-python-3ed-master/Chapter24/listing24-6.py

from asyncore import dispatcher
from asynchat import async_chat
import socket, asyncore

PORT = 5005
NAME = 'TestChat'

class EndSession(Exception): pass

class CommandHandler:
    """
    Simple command handler similar to cmd.Cmd from the standard library.
    """

    def unknown(self, session, cmd):
        'Respond to an unknown command'
        session.push('Unknown command: {}s\r\n'.format(cmd))

    def handle(self, session, line):
        'Handle a received line from a given session'
        if not line.strip(): return
        # Split off the command:
        parts = line.split(' ', 1)
        cmd = parts[0]
        try: line = parts[1].strip()
        except IndexError: line = ''
        # Try to find a handler:
        meth = getattr(self, 'do_' + cmd, None)
        try:
            # Assume it's callable:
            meth(session, line)
        except TypeError:
            # If it isn't, respond to the unknown command:
            self.unknown(session, cmd)

class Room(CommandHandler):
    """
    A generic environment that may contain one or more users (sessions).
    It takes care of basic command handling and broadcasting.
    """

    def __init__(self, server):
        self.server = server
        self.sessions = []

    def add(self, session):
        'A session (user) has entered the room'
        self.sessions.append(session)

    def remove(self, session):
        'A session (user) has left the room'
        self.sessions.remove(session)

    def broadcast(self, line):
        'Send a line to all sessions in the room'
        for session in self.sessions:
            session.push(line)

    def do_logout(self, session, line):
        'Respond to the logout command'
        raise EndSession

class LoginRoom(Room):
    """
    A room meant for a single person who has just connected.
    """

    def add(self, session):
        Room.add(self, session)
        # When a user enters, greet him/her:
        self.broadcast('Welcome to {}\r\n'.format(self.server.name))

    def unknown(self, session, cmd):
        # All unknown commands (anything except login or logout)
        # results in a prodding:
        session.push('Please log in\nUse "login <nick>"\r\n')

    def do_login(self, session, line):
        name = line.strip()
        # Make sure the user has entered a name:
        if not name:
            session.push('Please enter a name\r\n')
        # Make sure that the name isn't in use:
        elif name in self.server.users:
            session.push('The name "{}" is taken.\r\n'.format(name))
            session.push('Please try again.\r\n')
        else:
            # The name is OK, so it is stored in the session, and
            # the user is moved into the main room. session.name = name
            session.enter(self.server.main_room)

class ChatRoom(Room):
    """
    A room meant for multiple users who can chat with the others in the room.
    """

    def add(self, session):
        # Notify everyone that a new user has entered:
        self.broadcast(session.name + ' has entered the room.\r\n')
        self.server.users[session.name] = session
        super().add(session)

    def remove(self, session):
        Room.remove(self, session)
        # Notify everyone that a user has left:
        self.broadcast(session.name + ' has left the room.\r\n')

    def do_say(self, session, line):
        self.broadcast(session.name + ': ' + line + '\r\n')

    def do_look(self, session, line):
        'Handles the look command, used to see who is in a room'
        session.push('The following are in this room:\r\n')
        for other in self.sessions:
            session.push(other.name + '\r\n')

    def do_who(self, session, line):
        'Handles the who command, used to see who is logged in'
        session.push('The following are logged in:\r\n')
        for name in self.server.users:
            session.push(name + '\r\n')

class LogoutRoom(Room):
    """
    A simple room for a single user. Its sole purpose is to remove the
    user's name from the server.
    """

    def add(self, session):
        # When a session (user) enters the LogoutRoom it is deleted
        try: del self.server.users[session.name]
        except KeyError: pass

class ChatSession(async_chat):
    """
    A single session, which takes care of the communication with a single user.
    """

    def __init__(self, server, sock):
        super().__init__(sock)
        self.server = server
        self.set_terminator("\r\n")
        self.data = []
        self.name = None
        # All sessions begin in a separate LoginRoom:
        self.enter(LoginRoom(server))

    def enter(self, room):
        # Remove self from current room and add self to
        # next room...
        try: cur = self.room
        except AttributeError: pass
        else: cur.remove(self)
        self.room = room
        room.add(self)

    def collect_incoming_data(self, data):
        self.data.append(data)

    def found_terminator(self):
        line = ''.join(self.data)
        self.data = []
        try: self.room.handle(self, line)
        except EndSession: self.handle_close()

    def handle_close(self):
        async_chat.handle_close(self)
        self.enter(LogoutRoom(self.server))

class ChatServer(dispatcher):
    """
    A chat server with a single room.
    """

    def __init__(self, port, name):
        super().__init__()
        self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.set_reuse_addr()
        self.bind(('', port))
        self.listen(5)
        self.name = name
        self.users = {}
        self.main_room = ChatRoom(self)

    def handle_accept(self):
        conn, addr = self.accept()
        ChatSession(self, conn)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = ChatServer(PORT, NAME)
    try: asyncore.loop()
    except KeyboardInterrupt: print()