tauri-workspace/core/tauri/src/app.rs

// Copyright 2019-2021 Tauri Programme within The Commons Conservancy
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

#[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
pub(crate) mod tray;

use crate::{
  api::ipc::CallbackFn,
  command::{CommandArg, CommandItem},
  hooks::{
    window_invoke_responder, InvokeHandler, InvokeResponder, OnPageLoad, PageLoadPayload, SetupHook,
  },
  manager::{Asset, CustomProtocol, WindowManager},
  plugin::{Plugin, PluginStore},
  runtime::{
    http::{Request as HttpRequest, Response as HttpResponse},
    webview::{WebviewAttributes, WindowBuilder as _},
    window::{PendingWindow, WindowEvent},
    Dispatch, ExitRequestedEventAction, RunEvent as RuntimeRunEvent, Runtime,
  },
  scope::FsScope,
  sealed::{ManagerBase, RuntimeOrDispatch},
  utils::config::{Config, WindowUrl},
  utils::{assets::Assets, Env},
  Context, Invoke, InvokeError, InvokeResponse, Manager, Scopes, StateManager, Window,
};

#[cfg(shell_scope)]
use crate::scope::ShellScope;

use tauri_macros::default_runtime;
use tauri_utils::PackageInfo;

use std::{
  collections::HashMap,
  path::PathBuf,
  sync::{mpsc::Sender, Arc, Weak},
};

use crate::runtime::menu::{Menu, MenuId, MenuIdRef};

use crate::runtime::RuntimeHandle;
#[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
use crate::runtime::{Icon, SystemTrayEvent as RuntimeSystemTrayEvent};

#[cfg(feature = "updater")]
use crate::updater;

#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
use crate::ActivationPolicy;

pub(crate) type GlobalMenuEventListener<R> = Box<dyn Fn(WindowMenuEvent<R>) + Send + Sync>;
pub(crate) type GlobalWindowEventListener<R> = Box<dyn Fn(GlobalWindowEvent<R>) + Send + Sync>;
#[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
type SystemTrayEventListener<R> = Box<dyn Fn(&AppHandle<R>, tray::SystemTrayEvent) + Send + Sync>;

/// Api exposed on the `ExitRequested` event.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ExitRequestApi(Sender<ExitRequestedEventAction>);

impl ExitRequestApi {
  /// Prevents the app from exiting
  pub fn prevent_exit(&self) {
    self.0.send(ExitRequestedEventAction::Prevent).unwrap();
  }
}

/// Api exposed on the `CloseRequested` event.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CloseRequestApi(Sender<bool>);

impl CloseRequestApi {
  /// Prevents the window from being closed.
  pub fn prevent_close(&self) {
    self.0.send(true).unwrap();
  }
}

/// An application event, triggered from the event loop.
#[derive(Debug)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum RunEvent {
  /// Event loop is exiting.
  Exit,
  /// The app is about to exit
  #[non_exhaustive]
  ExitRequested {
    /// The label of the window that requested the exit.
    /// It is the last window managed by tauri.
    window_label: String,
    /// Event API
    api: ExitRequestApi,
  },
  /// Window close was requested by the user.
  #[non_exhaustive]
  CloseRequested {
    /// The window label.
    label: String,
    /// Event API.
    api: CloseRequestApi,
  },
  /// Window closed.
  WindowClosed(String),
  /// Application ready.
  Ready,
  /// Sent if the event loop is being resumed.
  Resumed,
  /// Emitted when all of the event loop’s input events have been processed and redraw processing is about to begin.
  ///
  /// This event is useful as a place to put your code that should be run after all state-changing events have been handled and you want to do stuff (updating state, performing calculations, etc) that happens as the “main body” of your event loop.
  MainEventsCleared,
}

/// A menu event that was triggered on a window.
#[default_runtime(crate::Wry, wry)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct WindowMenuEvent<R: Runtime> {
  pub(crate) menu_item_id: MenuId,
  pub(crate) window: Window<R>,
}

impl<R: Runtime> WindowMenuEvent<R> {
  /// The menu item id.
  pub fn menu_item_id(&self) -> MenuIdRef<'_> {
    &self.menu_item_id
  }

  /// The window that the menu belongs to.
  pub fn window(&self) -> &Window<R> {
    &self.window
  }
}

/// A window event that was triggered on the specified window.
#[default_runtime(crate::Wry, wry)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct GlobalWindowEvent<R: Runtime> {
  pub(crate) event: WindowEvent,
  pub(crate) window: Window<R>,
}

impl<R: Runtime> GlobalWindowEvent<R> {
  /// The event payload.
  pub fn event(&self) -> &WindowEvent {
    &self.event
  }

  /// The window that the menu belongs to.
  pub fn window(&self) -> &Window<R> {
    &self.window
  }
}

/// The path resolver is a helper for the application-specific [`crate::api::path`] APIs.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PathResolver {
  env: Env,
  config: Arc<Config>,
  package_info: PackageInfo,
}

impl PathResolver {
  /// Returns the path to the resource directory of this app.
  pub fn resource_dir(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    crate::api::path::resource_dir(&self.package_info, &self.env)
  }

  /// Returns the path to the suggested directory for your app config files.
  pub fn app_dir(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    crate::api::path::app_dir(&self.config)
  }

  /// Returns the path to the suggested log directory.
  pub fn log_dir(&self) -> Option<PathBuf> {
    crate::api::path::log_dir(&self.config)
  }
}

/// The asset resolver is a helper to access the [`tauri_utils::assets::Assets`] interface.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AssetResolver<R: Runtime> {
  manager: WindowManager<R>,
}

impl<R: Runtime> AssetResolver<R> {
  /// Gets the app asset associated with the given path.
  pub fn get(&self, path: String) -> Option<Asset> {
    self.manager.get_asset(path).ok()
  }
}

/// A handle to the currently running application.
///
/// This type implements [`Manager`] which allows for manipulation of global application items.
#[default_runtime(crate::Wry, wry)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct AppHandle<R: Runtime> {
  runtime_handle: R::Handle,
  manager: WindowManager<R>,
  global_shortcut_manager: R::GlobalShortcutManager,
  clipboard_manager: R::ClipboardManager,
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  tray_handle: Option<tray::SystemTrayHandle<R>>,
}

#[cfg(feature = "wry")]
impl AppHandle<crate::Wry> {
  /// Create a new tao window using a callback. The event loop must be running at this point.
  pub fn create_tao_window<
    F: FnOnce() -> (String, tauri_runtime_wry::WryWindowBuilder) + Send + 'static,
  >(
    &self,
    f: F,
  ) -> crate::Result<Weak<tauri_runtime_wry::Window>> {
    self.runtime_handle.create_tao_window(f).map_err(Into::into)
  }

  /// Sends a window message to the event loop.
  pub fn send_tao_window_event(
    &self,
    window_id: tauri_runtime_wry::WindowId,
    message: tauri_runtime_wry::WindowMessage,
  ) -> crate::Result<()> {
    self
      .runtime_handle
      .send_event(tauri_runtime_wry::Message::Window(window_id, message))
      .map_err(Into::into)
  }
}

impl<R: Runtime> Clone for AppHandle<R> {
  fn clone(&self) -> Self {
    Self {
      runtime_handle: self.runtime_handle.clone(),
      manager: self.manager.clone(),
      global_shortcut_manager: self.global_shortcut_manager.clone(),
      clipboard_manager: self.clipboard_manager.clone(),
      #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
      tray_handle: self.tray_handle.clone(),
    }
  }
}

impl<'de, R: Runtime> CommandArg<'de, R> for AppHandle<R> {
  /// Grabs the [`Window`] from the [`CommandItem`] and returns the associated [`AppHandle`]. This will never fail.
  fn from_command(command: CommandItem<'de, R>) -> Result<Self, InvokeError> {
    Ok(command.message.window().app_handle)
  }
}

impl<R: Runtime> AppHandle<R> {
  /// Runs the given closure on the main thread.
  pub fn run_on_main_thread<F: FnOnce() + Send + 'static>(&self, f: F) -> crate::Result<()> {
    self
      .runtime_handle
      .run_on_main_thread(f)
      .map_err(Into::into)
  }

  /// Removes the system tray.
  #[cfg(all(windows, feature = "system-tray"))]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(all(windows, feature = "system-tray"))))]
  fn remove_system_tray(&self) -> crate::Result<()> {
    self.runtime_handle.remove_system_tray().map_err(Into::into)
  }

  /// Adds a plugin to the runtime.
  pub fn plugin<P: Plugin<R> + 'static>(&self, mut plugin: P) -> crate::Result<()> {
    plugin
      .initialize(
        self,
        self
          .config()
          .plugins
          .0
          .get(plugin.name())
          .cloned()
          .unwrap_or_default(),
      )
      .map_err(|e| crate::Error::PluginInitialization(plugin.name().to_string(), e.to_string()))?;
    self
      .manager()
      .inner
      .plugins
      .lock()
      .unwrap()
      .register(plugin);
    Ok(())
  }

  /// Exits the app
  pub fn exit(&self, exit_code: i32) {
    self.cleanup_before_exit();
    std::process::exit(exit_code);
  }

  /// Runs necessary cleanup tasks before exiting the process
  fn cleanup_before_exit(&self) {
    #[cfg(shell_execute)]
    {
      crate::api::process::kill_children();
    }
    #[cfg(all(windows, feature = "system-tray"))]
    {
      let _ = self.remove_system_tray();
    }
  }
}

impl<R: Runtime> Manager<R> for AppHandle<R> {}
impl<R: Runtime> ManagerBase<R> for AppHandle<R> {
  fn manager(&self) -> &WindowManager<R> {
    &self.manager
  }

  fn runtime(&self) -> RuntimeOrDispatch<'_, R> {
    RuntimeOrDispatch::RuntimeHandle(self.runtime_handle.clone())
  }

  fn app_handle(&self) -> AppHandle<R> {
    self.clone()
  }
}

/// The instance of the currently running application.
///
/// This type implements [`Manager`] which allows for manipulation of global application items.
#[default_runtime(crate::Wry, wry)]
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct App<R: Runtime> {
  runtime: Option<R>,
  manager: WindowManager<R>,
  global_shortcut_manager: R::GlobalShortcutManager,
  clipboard_manager: R::ClipboardManager,
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  tray_handle: Option<tray::SystemTrayHandle<R>>,
  handle: AppHandle<R>,
}

impl<R: Runtime> Manager<R> for App<R> {}
impl<R: Runtime> ManagerBase<R> for App<R> {
  fn manager(&self) -> &WindowManager<R> {
    &self.manager
  }

  fn runtime(&self) -> RuntimeOrDispatch<'_, R> {
    RuntimeOrDispatch::Runtime(self.runtime.as_ref().unwrap())
  }

  fn app_handle(&self) -> AppHandle<R> {
    self.handle()
  }
}

macro_rules! shared_app_impl {
  ($app: ty) => {
    impl<R: Runtime> $app {
      /// Creates a new webview window.
      ///
      /// Data URLs are only supported with the `window-data-url` feature flag.
      ///
      /// See [`Self::window_builder`] for an API with extended functionality.
      #[deprecated(
        since = "1.0.0-rc.4",
        note = "The `window_builder` function offers an easier API with extended functionality"
      )]
      pub fn create_window<F>(
        &self,
        label: impl Into<String>,
        url: WindowUrl,
        setup: F,
      ) -> crate::Result<Window<R>>
      where
        F: FnOnce(
          <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder,
          WebviewAttributes,
        ) -> (
          <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder,
          WebviewAttributes,
        ),
      {
        let (window_builder, webview_attributes) = setup(
          <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder::new(),
          WebviewAttributes::new(url),
        );
        self.create_new_window(PendingWindow::new(
          window_builder,
          webview_attributes,
          label,
        )?)
      }

      #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
      #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "system-tray")))]
      /// Gets a handle handle to the system tray.
      pub fn tray_handle(&self) -> tray::SystemTrayHandle<R> {
        self
          .tray_handle
          .clone()
          .expect("tray not configured; use the `Builder#system_tray` API first.")
      }

      /// The path resolver for the application.
      pub fn path_resolver(&self) -> PathResolver {
        PathResolver {
          env: self.state::<Env>().inner().clone(),
          config: self.manager.config(),
          package_info: self.manager.package_info().clone(),
        }
      }

      /// Gets a copy of the global shortcut manager instance.
      pub fn global_shortcut_manager(&self) -> R::GlobalShortcutManager {
        self.global_shortcut_manager.clone()
      }

      /// Gets a copy of the clipboard manager instance.
      pub fn clipboard_manager(&self) -> R::ClipboardManager {
        self.clipboard_manager.clone()
      }

      /// Gets the app's configuration, defined on the `tauri.conf.json` file.
      pub fn config(&self) -> Arc<Config> {
        self.manager.config()
      }

      /// Gets the app's package information.
      pub fn package_info(&self) -> &PackageInfo {
        self.manager.package_info()
      }

      /// The application's asset resolver.
      pub fn asset_resolver(&self) -> AssetResolver<R> {
        AssetResolver {
          manager: self.manager.clone(),
        }
      }
    }
  };
}

shared_app_impl!(App<R>);
shared_app_impl!(AppHandle<R>);

impl<R: Runtime> App<R> {
  /// Gets a handle to the application instance.
  pub fn handle(&self) -> AppHandle<R> {
    self.handle.clone()
  }

  /// Sets the activation policy for the application. It is set to `NSApplicationActivationPolicyRegular` by default.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// let mut app = tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
  ///   .build(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
  ///   .expect("error while building tauri application");
  /// #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  /// app.set_activation_policy(tauri::ActivationPolicy::Accessory);
  /// app.run(|_app_handle, _event| {});
  /// ```
  #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(target_os = "macos")))]
  pub fn set_activation_policy(&mut self, activation_policy: ActivationPolicy) {
    self
      .runtime
      .as_mut()
      .unwrap()
      .set_activation_policy(activation_policy);
  }

  /// Runs the application.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// let app = tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
  ///   .build(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
  ///   .expect("error while building tauri application");
  /// app.run(|_app_handle, event| match event {
  ///   tauri::RunEvent::ExitRequested { api, .. } => {
  ///     api.prevent_exit();
  ///   }
  ///   _ => {}
  /// });
  /// ```
  pub fn run<F: FnMut(&AppHandle<R>, RunEvent) + 'static>(mut self, mut callback: F) {
    let app_handle = self.handle();
    let manager = self.manager.clone();
    self.runtime.take().unwrap().run(move |event| match event {
      RuntimeRunEvent::Exit => {
        app_handle.cleanup_before_exit();
        on_event_loop_event(
          &app_handle,
          RuntimeRunEvent::Exit,
          &manager,
          Some(&mut callback),
        );
      }
      _ => {
        on_event_loop_event(&app_handle, event, &manager, Some(&mut callback));
      }
    });
  }

  /// Runs a iteration of the runtime event loop and immediately return.
  ///
  /// Note that when using this API, app cleanup is not automatically done.
  /// The cleanup calls [`crate::api::process::kill_children`] so you may want to call that function before exiting the application.
  /// Additionally, the cleanup calls [AppHandle#remove_system_tray](`AppHandle#method.remove_system_tray`) (Windows only).
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// let mut app = tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
  ///   .build(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
  ///   .expect("error while building tauri application");
  /// loop {
  ///   let iteration = app.run_iteration();
  ///   if iteration.window_count == 0 {
  ///     break;
  ///   }
  /// }
  /// ```
  pub fn run_iteration(&mut self) -> crate::runtime::RunIteration {
    let manager = self.manager.clone();
    let app_handle = self.handle();
    self.runtime.as_mut().unwrap().run_iteration(move |event| {
      on_event_loop_event(
        &app_handle,
        event,
        &manager,
        Option::<&mut Box<dyn FnMut(&AppHandle<R>, RunEvent)>>::None,
      )
    })
  }
}

#[cfg(feature = "updater")]
impl<R: Runtime> App<R> {
  /// Runs the updater hook with built-in dialog.
  fn run_updater_dialog(&self, window: Window<R>) {
    let updater_config = self.manager.config().tauri.updater.clone();
    let package_info = self.manager.package_info().clone();

    crate::async_runtime::spawn(async move {
      updater::check_update_with_dialog(updater_config, package_info, window).await
    });
  }

  /// Listen updater events when dialog are disabled.
  fn listen_updater_events(&self, window: Window<R>) {
    let updater_config = self.manager.config().tauri.updater.clone();
    updater::listener(updater_config, self.manager.package_info().clone(), &window);
  }

  fn run_updater(&self, main_window: Option<Window<R>>) {
    if let Some(main_window) = main_window {
      let event_window = main_window.clone();
      let updater_config = self.manager.config().tauri.updater.clone();
      // check if updater is active or not
      if updater_config.dialog && updater_config.active {
        // if updater dialog is enabled spawn a new task
        self.run_updater_dialog(main_window.clone());
        let config = self.manager.config().tauri.updater.clone();
        let package_info = self.manager.package_info().clone();
        // When dialog is enabled, if user want to recheck
        // if an update is available after first start
        // invoke the Event `tauri://update` from JS or rust side.
        main_window.listen(updater::EVENT_CHECK_UPDATE, move |_msg| {
          let window = event_window.clone();
          let package_info = package_info.clone();
          let config = config.clone();
          // re-spawn task inside tokyo to launch the download
          // we don't need to emit anything as everything is handled
          // by the process (user is asked to restart at the end)
          // and it's handled by the updater
          crate::async_runtime::spawn(async move {
            updater::check_update_with_dialog(config, package_info, window).await
          });
        });
      } else if updater_config.active {
        // we only listen for `tauri://update`
        // once we receive the call, we check if an update is available or not
        // if there is a new update we emit `tauri://update-available` with details
        // this is the user responsabilities to display dialog and ask if user want to install
        // to install the update you need to invoke the Event `tauri://update-install`
        self.listen_updater_events(main_window);
      }
    }
  }
}

/// Builds a Tauri application.
///
/// # Examples
/// ```rust,no_run
/// tauri::Builder::default()
///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
///   .run(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
///  .expect("error while running tauri application");
/// ```
#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
pub struct Builder<R: Runtime> {
  /// A flag indicating that the runtime must be started on an environment that supports the event loop not on the main thread.
  #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(any(windows, target_os = "linux")))]
  runtime_any_thread: bool,

  /// The JS message handler.
  invoke_handler: Box<InvokeHandler<R>>,

  /// The JS message responder.
  invoke_responder: Arc<InvokeResponder<R>>,

  /// The script that initializes the `window.__TAURI_POST_MESSAGE__` function.
  invoke_initialization_script: String,

  /// The setup hook.
  setup: SetupHook<R>,

  /// Page load hook.
  on_page_load: Box<OnPageLoad<R>>,

  /// windows to create when starting up.
  pending_windows: Vec<PendingWindow<R>>,

  /// All passed plugins
  plugins: PluginStore<R>,

  /// The webview protocols available to all windows.
  uri_scheme_protocols: HashMap<String, Arc<CustomProtocol<R>>>,

  /// App state.
  state: StateManager,

  /// The menu set to all windows.
  menu: Option<Menu>,

  /// Menu event handlers that listens to all windows.
  menu_event_listeners: Vec<GlobalMenuEventListener<R>>,

  /// Window event handlers that listens to all windows.
  window_event_listeners: Vec<GlobalWindowEventListener<R>>,

  /// The app system tray.
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  system_tray: Option<tray::SystemTray>,

  /// System tray event handlers.
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  system_tray_event_listeners: Vec<SystemTrayEventListener<R>>,
}

impl<R: Runtime> Builder<R> {
  /// Creates a new App builder.
  pub fn new() -> Self {
    Self {
      #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
      runtime_any_thread: false,
      setup: Box::new(|_| Ok(())),
      invoke_handler: Box::new(|_| ()),
      invoke_responder: Arc::new(window_invoke_responder),
      invoke_initialization_script:
        "Object.defineProperty(window, '__TAURI_POST_MESSAGE__', { value: (message) => window.ipc.postMessage(JSON.stringify(message)) })".into(),
      on_page_load: Box::new(|_, _| ()),
      pending_windows: Default::default(),
      plugins: PluginStore::default(),
      uri_scheme_protocols: Default::default(),
      state: StateManager::new(),
      menu: None,
      menu_event_listeners: Vec::new(),
      window_event_listeners: Vec::new(),
      #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
      system_tray: None,
      #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
      system_tray_event_listeners: Vec::new(),
    }
  }

  /// Builds a new Tauri application running on any thread, bypassing the main thread requirement.
  ///
  /// ## Platform-specific
  ///
  /// - **macOS**: on macOS the application *must* be executed on the main thread, so this function is not exposed.
  #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(any(windows, target_os = "linux")))]
  #[must_use]
  pub fn any_thread(mut self) -> Self {
    self.runtime_any_thread = true;
    self
  }

  /// Defines the JS message handler callback.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// #[tauri::command]
  /// fn command_1() -> String {
  ///   return "hello world".to_string();
  /// }
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![
  ///     command_1,
  ///     // etc...
  ///   ]);
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn invoke_handler<F>(mut self, invoke_handler: F) -> Self
  where
    F: Fn(Invoke<R>) + Send + Sync + 'static,
  {
    self.invoke_handler = Box::new(invoke_handler);
    self
  }

  /// Defines a custom JS message system.
  ///
  /// The `responder` is a function that will be called when a command has been executed and must send a response to the JS layer.
  ///
  /// The `initialization_script` is a script that initializes `window.__TAURI_POST_MESSAGE__`.
  /// That function must take the `message: object` argument and send it to the backend.
  #[must_use]
  pub fn invoke_system<F>(mut self, initialization_script: String, responder: F) -> Self
  where
    F: Fn(Window<R>, InvokeResponse, CallbackFn, CallbackFn) + Send + Sync + 'static,
  {
    self.invoke_initialization_script = initialization_script;
    self.invoke_responder = Arc::new(responder);
    self
  }

  /// Defines the setup hook.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::Manager;
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .setup(|app| {
  ///     let main_window = app.get_window("main").unwrap();
  #[cfg_attr(
    feature = "dialog",
    doc = r#"     tauri::api::dialog::blocking::message(Some(&main_window), "Hello", "Welcome back!");"#
  )]
  ///     Ok(())
  ///   });
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn setup<F>(mut self, setup: F) -> Self
  where
    F: FnOnce(&mut App<R>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send>> + Send + 'static,
  {
    self.setup = Box::new(setup);
    self
  }

  /// Defines the page load hook.
  #[must_use]
  pub fn on_page_load<F>(mut self, on_page_load: F) -> Self
  where
    F: Fn(Window<R>, PageLoadPayload) + Send + Sync + 'static,
  {
    self.on_page_load = Box::new(on_page_load);
    self
  }

  /// Adds a plugin to the runtime.
  #[must_use]
  pub fn plugin<P: Plugin<R> + 'static>(mut self, plugin: P) -> Self {
    self.plugins.register(plugin);
    self
  }

  /// Add `state` to the state managed by the application.
  ///
  /// This method can be called any number of times as long as each call
  /// refers to a different `T`.
  ///
  /// Managed state can be retrieved by any request handler via the
  /// [`State`](crate::State) request guard. In particular, if a value of type `T`
  /// is managed by Tauri, adding `State<T>` to the list of arguments in a
  /// request handler instructs Tauri to retrieve the managed value.
  ///
  /// # Panics
  ///
  /// Panics if state of type `T` is already being managed.
  ///
  /// # Mutability
  ///
  /// Since the managed state is global and must be [`Send`] + [`Sync`], mutations can only happen through interior mutability:
  ///
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Mutex};
  /// use tauri::State;
  /// // here we use Mutex to achieve interior mutability
  /// struct Storage(Mutex<HashMap<u64, String>>);
  /// struct Connection;
  /// struct DbConnection(Mutex<Option<Connection>>);
  ///
  /// #[tauri::command]
  /// fn connect(connection: State<DbConnection>) {
  ///   // initialize the connection, mutating the state with interior mutability
  ///   *connection.0.lock().unwrap() = Some(Connection {});
  /// }
  ///
  /// #[tauri::command]
  /// fn storage_insert(key: u64, value: String, storage: State<Storage>) {
  ///   // mutate the storage behind the Mutex
  ///   storage.0.lock().unwrap().insert(key, value);
  /// }
  ///
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .manage(Storage(Default::default()))
  ///   .manage(DbConnection(Default::default()))
  ///   .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![connect, storage_insert])
  ///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
  ///   .run(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
  ///   .expect("error while running tauri application");
  /// ```
  ///
  /// # Examples
  ///
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::State;
  ///
  /// struct MyInt(isize);
  /// struct MyString(String);
  ///
  /// #[tauri::command]
  /// fn int_command(state: State<MyInt>) -> String {
  ///     format!("The stateful int is: {}", state.0)
  /// }
  ///
  /// #[tauri::command]
  /// fn string_command<'r>(state: State<'r, MyString>) {
  ///     println!("state: {}", state.inner().0);
  /// }
  ///
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .manage(MyInt(10))
  ///   .manage(MyString("Hello, managed state!".to_string()))
  ///   .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![int_command, string_command])
  ///   // on an actual app, remove the string argument
  ///   .run(tauri::generate_context!("test/fixture/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json"))
  ///   .expect("error while running tauri application");
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn manage<T>(self, state: T) -> Self
  where
    T: Send + Sync + 'static,
  {
    let type_name = std::any::type_name::<T>();
    assert!(
      self.state.set(state),
      "state for type '{}' is already being managed",
      type_name
    );
    self
  }

  /// Creates a new webview window.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::WindowBuilder;
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .create_window("main", tauri::WindowUrl::default(), |win, webview| {
  ///     let win = win
  ///       .title("My Main Window")
  ///       .resizable(true)
  ///       .inner_size(800.0, 550.0)
  ///       .min_inner_size(400.0, 200.0);
  ///     return (win, webview);
  ///   });
  /// ```
  pub fn create_window<F>(
    mut self,
    label: impl Into<String>,
    url: WindowUrl,
    setup: F,
  ) -> crate::Result<Self>
  where
    F: FnOnce(
      <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder,
      WebviewAttributes,
    ) -> (
      <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder,
      WebviewAttributes,
    ),
  {
    let (window_builder, webview_attributes) = setup(
      <R::Dispatcher as Dispatch>::WindowBuilder::new(),
      WebviewAttributes::new(url),
    );
    self.pending_windows.push(PendingWindow::new(
      window_builder,
      webview_attributes,
      label,
    )?);
    Ok(self)
  }

  /// Adds the icon configured on `tauri.conf.json` to the system tray with the specified menu items.
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "system-tray")))]
  #[must_use]
  pub fn system_tray(mut self, system_tray: tray::SystemTray) -> Self {
    self.system_tray.replace(system_tray);
    self
  }

  /// Sets the menu to use on all windows.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::{MenuEntry, Submenu, MenuItem, Menu, CustomMenuItem};
  ///
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .menu(Menu::with_items([
  ///     MenuEntry::Submenu(Submenu::new(
  ///       "File",
  ///       Menu::with_items([
  ///         MenuItem::CloseWindow.into(),
  ///         #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
  ///         CustomMenuItem::new("hello", "Hello").into(),
  ///       ]),
  ///     )),
  ///   ]));
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn menu(mut self, menu: Menu) -> Self {
    self.menu.replace(menu);
    self
  }

  /// Registers a menu event handler for all windows.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::{Menu, MenuEntry, Submenu, CustomMenuItem, api, Manager};
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .menu(Menu::with_items([
  ///     MenuEntry::Submenu(Submenu::new(
  ///       "File",
  ///       Menu::with_items([
  ///         CustomMenuItem::new("New", "New").into(),
  ///         CustomMenuItem::new("Learn More", "Learn More").into(),
  ///       ]),
  ///     )),
  ///   ]))
  ///   .on_menu_event(|event| {
  ///     match event.menu_item_id() {
  ///       "Learn More" => {
  ///         // open in browser (requires the `shell-open-api` feature)
  #[cfg_attr(
    feature = "shell-open-api",
    doc = r#"         api::shell::open(&event.window().shell_scope(), "https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri".to_string(), None).unwrap();"#
  )]
  ///       }
  ///       id => {
  ///         // do something with other events
  ///         println!("got menu event: {}", id);
  ///       }
  ///     }
  ///   });
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn on_menu_event<F: Fn(WindowMenuEvent<R>) + Send + Sync + 'static>(
    mut self,
    handler: F,
  ) -> Self {
    self.menu_event_listeners.push(Box::new(handler));
    self
  }

  /// Registers a window event handler for all windows.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .on_window_event(|event| match event.event() {
  ///     tauri::WindowEvent::Focused(focused) => {
  ///       // hide window whenever it loses focus
  ///       if !focused {
  ///         event.window().hide().unwrap();
  ///       }
  ///     }
  ///     _ => {}
  ///   });
  /// ```
  #[must_use]
  pub fn on_window_event<F: Fn(GlobalWindowEvent<R>) + Send + Sync + 'static>(
    mut self,
    handler: F,
  ) -> Self {
    self.window_event_listeners.push(Box::new(handler));
    self
  }

  /// Registers a system tray event handler.
  ///
  /// # Examples
  /// ```rust,no_run
  /// use tauri::Manager;
  /// tauri::Builder::default()
  ///   .on_system_tray_event(|app, event| match event {
  ///     // show window with id "main" when the tray is left clicked
  ///     tauri::SystemTrayEvent::LeftClick { .. } => {
  ///       let window = app.get_window("main").unwrap();
  ///       window.show().unwrap();
  ///       window.set_focus().unwrap();
  ///     }
  ///     _ => {}
  ///   });
  /// ```
  #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
  #[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "system-tray")))]
  #[must_use]
  pub fn on_system_tray_event<
    F: Fn(&AppHandle<R>, tray::SystemTrayEvent) + Send + Sync + 'static,
  >(
    mut self,
    handler: F,
  ) -> Self {
    self.system_tray_event_listeners.push(Box::new(handler));
    self
  }

  /// Registers a URI scheme protocol available to all webviews.
  /// Leverages [setURLSchemeHandler](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/webkit/wkwebviewconfiguration/2875766-seturlschemehandler) on macOS,
  /// [AddWebResourceRequestedFilter](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/microsoft.web.webview2.core.corewebview2.addwebresourcerequestedfilter?view=webview2-dotnet-1.0.774.44) on Windows
  /// and [webkit-web-context-register-uri-scheme](https://webkitgtk.org/reference/webkit2gtk/stable/WebKitWebContext.html#webkit-web-context-register-uri-scheme) on Linux.
  ///
  /// # Arguments
  ///
  /// * `uri_scheme` The URI scheme to register, such as `example`.
  /// * `protocol` the protocol associated with the given URI scheme. It's a function that takes an URL such as `example://localhost/asset.css`.
  #[must_use]
  pub fn register_uri_scheme_protocol<
    N: Into<String>,
    H: Fn(&AppHandle<R>, &HttpRequest) -> Result<HttpResponse, Box<dyn std::error::Error>>
      + Send
      + Sync
      + 'static,
  >(
    mut self,
    uri_scheme: N,
    protocol: H,
  ) -> Self {
    self.uri_scheme_protocols.insert(
      uri_scheme.into(),
      Arc::new(CustomProtocol {
        protocol: Box::new(protocol),
      }),
    );
    self
  }

  /// Builds the application.
  #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
  pub fn build<A: Assets>(mut self, context: Context<A>) -> crate::Result<App<R>> {
    #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
    let system_tray_icon = {
      let icon = context.system_tray_icon.clone();

      // check the icon format if the system tray is configured
      if self.system_tray.is_some() {
        use std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
        if let Some(Icon::Raw(_)) = icon {
          return Err(crate::Error::InvalidIcon(Box::new(Error::new(
            ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
            "system tray icons on linux must be a file path",
          ))));
        }

        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
        if let Some(Icon::File(_)) = icon {
          return Err(crate::Error::InvalidIcon(Box::new(Error::new(
            ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
            "system tray icons on non-linux platforms must be the raw bytes",
          ))));
        }
      }

      icon
    };

    #[cfg(all(feature = "system-tray", target_os = "macos"))]
    let system_tray_icon_as_template = context
      .config
      .tauri
      .system_tray
      .as_ref()
      .map(|t| t.icon_as_template)
      .unwrap_or_default();

    #[cfg(shell_scope)]
    let shell_scope = context.shell_scope.clone();

    let manager = WindowManager::with_handlers(
      context,
      self.plugins,
      self.invoke_handler,
      self.on_page_load,
      self.uri_scheme_protocols,
      self.state,
      self.window_event_listeners,
      (self.menu, self.menu_event_listeners),
      (self.invoke_responder, self.invoke_initialization_script),
    );

    // set up all the windows defined in the config
    for config in manager.config().tauri.windows.clone() {
      let url = config.url.clone();
      let label = config.label.clone();
      let file_drop_enabled = config.file_drop_enabled;

      let mut webview_attributes = WebviewAttributes::new(url);
      if !file_drop_enabled {
        webview_attributes = webview_attributes.disable_file_drop_handler();
      }

      self.pending_windows.push(PendingWindow::with_config(
        config,
        webview_attributes,
        label,
      )?);
    }

    #[cfg(any(windows, target_os = "linux"))]
    let runtime = if self.runtime_any_thread {
      R::new_any_thread()?
    } else {
      R::new()?
    };
    #[cfg(not(any(windows, target_os = "linux")))]
    let runtime = R::new()?;

    let runtime_handle = runtime.handle();
    let global_shortcut_manager = runtime.global_shortcut_manager();
    let clipboard_manager = runtime.clipboard_manager();

    let mut app = App {
      runtime: Some(runtime),
      manager: manager.clone(),
      global_shortcut_manager: global_shortcut_manager.clone(),
      clipboard_manager: clipboard_manager.clone(),
      #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
      tray_handle: None,
      handle: AppHandle {
        runtime_handle,
        manager,
        global_shortcut_manager,
        clipboard_manager,
        #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
        tray_handle: None,
      },
    };

    let env = Env::default();
    app.manage(Scopes {
      fs: FsScope::for_fs_api(
        &app.manager.config(),
        app.package_info(),
        &env,
        &app.config().tauri.allowlist.fs.scope,
      ),
      #[cfg(protocol_asset)]
      asset_protocol: FsScope::for_fs_api(
        &app.manager.config(),
        app.package_info(),
        &env,
        &app.config().tauri.allowlist.protocol.asset_scope,
      ),
      #[cfg(http_request)]
      http: crate::scope::HttpScope::for_http_api(&app.config().tauri.allowlist.http.scope),
      #[cfg(shell_scope)]
      shell: ShellScope::new(shell_scope),
    });
    app.manage(env);

    #[cfg(windows)]
    {
      if let Some(w) = &app
        .manager
        .config()
        .tauri
        .bundle
        .windows
        .webview_fixed_runtime_path
      {
        if let Some(resource_dir) = app.path_resolver().resource_dir() {
          std::env::set_var("WEBVIEW2_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_FOLDER", resource_dir.join(w));
        } else {
          #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
          eprintln!(
            "failed to resolve resource directory; fallback to the installed Webview2 runtime."
          );
        }
      }
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "system-tray")]
    if let Some(system_tray) = self.system_tray {
      let mut ids = HashMap::new();
      if let Some(menu) = system_tray.menu() {
        tray::get_menu_ids(&mut ids, menu);
      }
      let mut tray = tray::SystemTray::new();
      if let Some(menu) = system_tray.menu {
        tray = tray.with_menu(menu);
      }

      #[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
      let tray_handler = app
        .runtime
        .as_ref()
        .unwrap()
        .system_tray(
          tray.with_icon(
            system_tray
              .icon
              .or(system_tray_icon)
              .expect("tray icon not found; please configure it on tauri.conf.json"),
          ),
        )
        .expect("failed to run tray");

      #[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
      let tray_handler = app
        .runtime
        .as_ref()
        .unwrap()
        .system_tray(
          tray
            .with_icon(
              system_tray
                .icon
                .or(system_tray_icon)
                .expect("tray icon not found; please configure it on tauri.conf.json"),
            )
            .with_icon_as_template(system_tray_icon_as_template),
        )
        .expect("failed to run tray");

      let tray_handle = tray::SystemTrayHandle {
        ids: Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(ids)),
        inner: tray_handler,
      };
      let ids = tray_handle.ids.clone();
      app.tray_handle.replace(tray_handle.clone());
      app.handle.tray_handle.replace(tray_handle);
      for listener in self.system_tray_event_listeners {
        let app_handle = app.handle();
        let ids = ids.clone();
        let listener = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(listener));
        app
          .runtime
          .as_mut()
          .unwrap()
          .on_system_tray_event(move |event| {
            let app_handle = app_handle.clone();
            let event = match event {
              RuntimeSystemTrayEvent::MenuItemClick(id) => tray::SystemTrayEvent::MenuItemClick {
                id: ids.lock().unwrap().get(id).unwrap().clone(),
              },
              RuntimeSystemTrayEvent::LeftClick { position, size } => {
                tray::SystemTrayEvent::LeftClick {
                  position: *position,
                  size: *size,
                }
              }
              RuntimeSystemTrayEvent::RightClick { position, size } => {
                tray::SystemTrayEvent::RightClick {
                  position: *position,
                  size: *size,
                }
              }
              RuntimeSystemTrayEvent::DoubleClick { position, size } => {
                tray::SystemTrayEvent::DoubleClick {
                  position: *position,
                  size: *size,
                }
              }
            };
            let listener = listener.clone();
            listener.lock().unwrap()(&app_handle, event);
          });
      }
    }

    app.manager.initialize_plugins(&app.handle())?;

    let window_labels = self
      .pending_windows
      .iter()
      .map(|p| p.label.clone())
      .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    #[cfg(feature = "updater")]
    let mut main_window = None;

    for pending in self.pending_windows {
      let pending = app
        .manager
        .prepare_window(app.handle.clone(), pending, &window_labels)?;
      let detached = app.runtime.as_ref().unwrap().create_window(pending)?;
      let _window = app.manager.attach_window(app.handle(), detached);
      #[cfg(feature = "updater")]
      if main_window.is_none() {
        main_window = Some(_window);
      }
    }

    (self.setup)(&mut app).map_err(|e| crate::Error::Setup(e))?;

    #[cfg(feature = "updater")]
    app.run_updater(main_window);

    Ok(app)
  }

  /// Runs the configured Tauri application.
  pub fn run<A: Assets>(self, context: Context<A>) -> crate::Result<()> {
    self.build(context)?.run(|_, _| {});
    Ok(())
  }
}

fn on_event_loop_event<R: Runtime, F: FnMut(&AppHandle<R>, RunEvent) + 'static>(
  app_handle: &AppHandle<R>,
  event: RuntimeRunEvent,
  manager: &WindowManager<R>,
  callback: Option<&mut F>,
) {
  if let RuntimeRunEvent::WindowClose(label) = &event {
    manager.on_window_close(label);
  }

  let event = match event {
    RuntimeRunEvent::Exit => RunEvent::Exit,
    RuntimeRunEvent::ExitRequested { window_label, tx } => RunEvent::ExitRequested {
      window_label,
      api: ExitRequestApi(tx),
    },
    RuntimeRunEvent::CloseRequested { label, signal_tx } => RunEvent::CloseRequested {
      label,
      api: CloseRequestApi(signal_tx),
    },
    RuntimeRunEvent::WindowClose(label) => RunEvent::WindowClosed(label),
    RuntimeRunEvent::Ready => RunEvent::Ready,
    RuntimeRunEvent::Resumed => RunEvent::Resumed,
    RuntimeRunEvent::MainEventsCleared => RunEvent::MainEventsCleared,
    _ => unimplemented!(),
  };

  manager
    .inner
    .plugins
    .lock()
    .expect("poisoned plugin store")
    .on_event(app_handle, &event);

  if let Some(c) = callback {
    c(app_handle, event);
  }
}

/// Make `Wry` the default `Runtime` for `Builder`
#[cfg(feature = "wry")]
#[cfg_attr(doc_cfg, doc(cfg(feature = "wry")))]
impl Default for Builder<crate::Wry> {
  fn default() -> Self {
    Self::new()
  }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
  #[test]
  fn is_send_sync() {
    crate::test_utils::assert_send::<super::AppHandle>();
    crate::test_utils::assert_sync::<super::AppHandle>();

    #[cfg(feature = "wry")]
    {
      crate::test_utils::assert_send::<super::AssetResolver<crate::Wry>>();
      crate::test_utils::assert_sync::<super::AssetResolver<crate::Wry>>();
    }

    crate::test_utils::assert_send::<super::PathResolver>();
    crate::test_utils::assert_sync::<super::PathResolver>();
  }
}