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                    前言
            
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                    1-1 前端的发展
            
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                    1-2 常见的构建工具及对比
            
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                    1-3 安装与使用
            
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                    1-4 使用 Loader
            
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                    1-5 使用 Plugin
            
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                    1-6 使用 DevServer
            
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                    1-7 核心概念
            
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                    2-1 Entry
            
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                    2-2 Output
            
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                    2-3 Module
            
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                    2-4 Resolve
            
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                    2-5 Plugins
            
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                    2-6 DevServer
            
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                    2-7 其它配置项
            
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                    2-8 整体配置结构
            
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                    2-9 多种配置类型
            
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                    2-10 配置总结
            
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                    第3章 实战
            
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                    3-1 使用 ES6 语言
            
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                    3-2 使用 TypeScript 语言
            
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                    3-3 使用 Flow 检查器
            
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                    3-4 使用 SCSS
            
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                    3-5 使用 PostCSS
            
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                    3-6 使用 React 框架
            
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                    3-7 使用 Vue 框架
            
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                    3-8 使用 Angular2 框架
            
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                    3-9 为单页应用生成 HTML
            
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                    3-10 管理多个单页应用
            
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                    3-11 构建同构应用
            
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                    3-12 构建 Electron 应用
            
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                    3-13 构建 Npm 模块
            
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                    3-14 构建离线应用
            
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                    3-15 搭配 Npm Script
            
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                    3-16 检查代码
            
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                    3-17 通过 Node.js API 启动 Webpack
            
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                    3-18 使用 Webpack Dev Middleware
            
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                    3-19 加载图片
            
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                    3-20 加载SVG
            
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                    3-21 加载 Source Map
            
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                    3-22 实战总结
            
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                    第4章 优化
            
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                    4-1 缩小文件搜索范围
            
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                    4-2 使用 DllPlugin
            
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                    4-3 使用 HappyPack
            
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                    4-4 使用 ParallelUglifyPlugin
            
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                    4-5 使用自动刷新
            
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                    4-6 开启模块热替换
            
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                    4-7 区分环境
            
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                    4-8 压缩代码
            
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                    4-9 CDN 加速
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.10" data-path="../4优化/4-10使用TreeShaking.html">
  
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                    4-10 使用 Tree Shaking
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.11" data-path="../4优化/4-11提取公共代码.html">
  
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                    4-11 提取公共代码
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.12" data-path="../4优化/4-12按需加载.html">
  
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                    4-12 按需加载
            
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                    4-13 使用 Prepack
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.14" data-path="../4优化/4-14开启ScopeHoisting.html">
  
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                    4-14 开启 Scope Hoisting
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.15" data-path="../4优化/4-15输出分析.html">
  
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                    4-15 输出分析
            
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                    4-16 优化总结
            
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                    5-1 工作原理概括
            
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                    5-2 输出文件分析
            
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                    5-3 编写 Loader
            
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                    5-4 编写 Plugin
            
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                    5-5 调试 Webpack
            
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                    5-6 原理总结
            
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                    常用 Loaders
            
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                    常用 Plugins
            
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                    其它 Webpack 学习资源
            
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                                <h1 id="2-7-&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;">2-7 &#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;</h1>
<p>&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;Webpack &#x8FD8;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x96F6;&#x6563;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x3002;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6765;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E2D;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="target">Target</h2>
<p>JavaScript &#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x8D8A;&#x6765;&#x8D8A;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x5230; Node.js&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x7684; JavaScript &#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x3002;
<code>target</code> &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BA9; Webpack &#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;
<code>target</code> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4E4B;&#x4E00;&#xFF1A;</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>target&#x503C;</th>
<th>&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>web</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668; <strong>(&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;)</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x90FD;&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>node</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9; Node.js&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>require</code> &#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D; Chunk &#x4EE3;&#x7801;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>async-node</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9; Node.js&#xFF0C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D; Chunk &#x4EE3;&#x7801;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>webworker</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9; WebWorker</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>electron-main</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9; <a href="http://electron.atom.io/" target="_blank">Electron</a> &#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>electron-renderer</code></td>
<td>&#x9488;&#x5BF9; Electron &#x6E32;&#x67D3;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5F53;&#x4F60;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; <code>target:&apos;node&apos;</code> &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x5BFC;&#x5165; Node.js &#x539F;&#x751F;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x53E5; <code>require(&apos;fs&apos;)</code> &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#xFF0C;<code>fs</code> &#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x8FDB; Chunk &#x91CC;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="devtool">Devtool</h2>
<p><code>devtool</code> &#x914D;&#x7F6E; Webpack &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x751F;&#x6210; Source Map&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x662F; <code>false</code> &#x5373;&#x4E0D;&#x751F;&#x6210; Source Map&#xFF0C;&#x60F3;&#x4E3A;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x751F;&#x6210; Source Map &#x4EE5;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.export = {
  devtool: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;source-map&apos;</span>
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="watch-&#x548C;-watchoptions">Watch &#x548C; WatchOptions</h2>
<p>&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x8FC7; Webpack &#x7684;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x65F6;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Webpack &#x65F6;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x60F3;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.export = {
  watch: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; DevServer &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x9664;&#x6B64;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;Webpack &#x8FD8;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86; <code>watchOptions</code> &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x53BB;&#x66F4;&#x7075;&#x6D3B;&#x7684;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.export = {
  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x5728;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;watchOptions &#x624D;&#x6709;&#x610F;&#x4E49;</span>
  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A; false&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x5F00;&#x542F;</span>
  watch: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>,
  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</span>
  <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5728;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x6709;&#x610F;&#x4E49;</span>
  watchOptions: {
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x4E0D;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#xFF0C;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6B63;&#x5219;&#x5339;&#x914D;</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x7A7A;</span>
    ignored: <span class="hljs-regexp">/node_modules/</span>,
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x5230;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x540E;&#x4F1A;&#x7B49;300ms&#x518D;&#x53BB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x52A8;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x592A;&#x5FEB;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#x592A;&#x9AD8;</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A; 300ms  </span>
    aggregateTimeout: <span class="hljs-number">300</span>,
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0D;&#x505C;&#x7684;&#x53BB;&#x8BE2;&#x95EE;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6BCF;&#x9694;1000&#x6BEB;&#x79D2;&#x8BE2;&#x95EE;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;</span>
    poll: <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>
  }
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="externals">Externals</h2>
<p>Externals &#x7528;&#x6765;&#x544A;&#x8BC9; Webpack &#x8981;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x88AB;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6A21;&#x7248;&#x662F;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;Webpack &#x5728;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x65F6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6709;&#x4E9B; JavaScript &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5728;&#x4F60;&#x7684; HTML HEAD &#x6807;&#x7B7E;&#x91CC;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-html"><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;<span class="hljs-name">script</span> <span class="hljs-attr">src</span>=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;path/to/jquery.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="undefined"></span><span class="hljs-tag">&lt;/<span class="hljs-name">script</span>&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5F15;&#x5165; jQuery &#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; <code>jQuery</code> &#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6CE8;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x7F51;&#x9875;&#x7684; JavaScript &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x91CC;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60F3;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x91CC;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x548C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; jQuery&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> $ <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">&apos;jquery&apos;</span>;
$(<span class="hljs-string">&apos;.my-element&apos;</span>);
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x540E;&#x4F60;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x7684; Chunk &#x91CC;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x7684; jQuery &#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4; jQuery &#x5E93;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;2&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x6D6A;&#x8D39;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x6D41;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x597D;&#x662F; Chunk &#x91CC;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5305;&#x542B; jQuery &#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Externals &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; <code>externals</code> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x544A;&#x8BC9; Webpack JavaScript &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x8FDB;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;
&#x8981;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; <code>externals</code>&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.export = {
  externals: {
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x628A;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x91CC;&#x7684; jquery &#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x6210;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x53D8;&#x91CF; jQuery</span>
    jquery: <span class="hljs-string">&apos;jQuery&apos;</span>
  }
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="resolveloader">ResolveLoader</h2>
<p>ResolveLoader &#x7528;&#x6765;&#x544A;&#x8BC9; Webpack &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x53BB;&#x5BFB;&#x627E; Loader&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Loader &#x65F6;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5176;&#x5305;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x53BB;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;
Webpack &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684; Loader &#x5305;&#x540D;&#x53BB;&#x627E;&#x5230; Loader &#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x8C03;&#x7528; Loader &#x53BB;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</p>
<p>ResolveLoader &#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-js"><span class="hljs-built_in">module</span>.exports = {
  resolveLoader:{
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x53BB;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x5BFB;&#x627E; Loader</span>
    modules: [<span class="hljs-string">&apos;node_modules&apos;</span>],
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x7F00;</span>
    extensions: [<span class="hljs-string">&apos;.js&apos;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&apos;.json&apos;</span>],
    <span class="hljs-comment">// &#x6307;&#x660E;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;</span>
    mainFields: [<span class="hljs-string">&apos;loader&apos;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&apos;main&apos;</span>]
  }
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8BE5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x52A0;&#x8F7D;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x7684; Loader&#x3002;</p>

                                
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